A working drawing is a term that refers to planning drawings that have a definite size and scale so that they can be used as a reference for project implementation. There are several types of work drawings that apply when the work is carried out, namely as plan drawings, shop drawings, and built-in drawings
In addition to the types of work drawings above, there are many other types of drawings such as sketches, 3d drawings, renderings. , etc. but it is not a working drawing that can be used as a definite measurement reference in the field.
Types of Working Drawings
1. Planning Drawing (As Plan Drawing)
A planning drawing is a working drawing that contains the technical plan of a building from general to detailed. Planning drawings or as plan drawings are made by planning consultants, either by architectural consultants, structural consultants, or MEP consultants. The duties of each consultant are different, namely as follows:
Architectural consultants are usually tasked with making building drawings starting from the site plan, layout plan, plans, views, pieces, and architectural details. After the floor plan and sections are finished, it is usually left to the structural consultant and MEP to proceed.
Structural consultants usually in charge of making structural drawings and calculating the load on the building. From the drawings produced by the architect, it will be clear about the dimensions of the structure starting from the foundation, aloof, columns, beams, floor slabs, and roof structures.
The MEP consultant usually comes last with the task of making a drawing of a building utility plan, ranging from electrical plans and light points, pipelines, fire engines, and others that are complete with the sizes and specifications of the required equipment.
in charge of planning the space including the selection of materials, interior design elements, furniture, and furnishing. Meanwhile, a landscaping consultant is tasked with arranging the garden, starting from hardscape, waterscape, softscape and selecting types of plants.
The drawings produced by these consultants should be in sync with recent changes in the planning process. Therefore, the order of work is usually:
Architectural drawings -> structural drawings -> MEP drawings -> detailed interior drawings -> detailed landscape
drawings The planning drawings made by these consultants are the earliest stages of a project. The plan drawing is usually agreed upon by the planning team and by the owner alone. Planning drawings when viewed to make them, are divided into two types, namely For Tender Images and Construction Drawings.
The For Tender Image is a planning drawing used for the needs of the contractor’s auction and to calculate the RAB bids from bidders who want to win the tender. The volume of the RAB calculation used comes from the planning drawing so that the drawing must be complete and detailed enough in the mention of its size.
For Construction images are images submitted by the owner to the contractor if selected as the winner of the tender. This image is a final image that can be directly used as a reference for the implementation of development in the field.
2. Shop Drawing Drawing
Shop drawing is a working drawing made and submitted by the contractor to be approved by the Project Supervisor as a condition for the implementation of the work. Shop drawing is usually a detailed drawing.
The shop drawing is made by the contractor who refers to the For Construction Drawing so that the planning and drawing principles should not be much different.
The shop drawing is made by the contractor because usually in construction drawings some details cannot be completed by the consultant, especially for special details such as light steel details, aluminum door details, and other special details.
So, shop drawing is only done partially depending on the job which requires additional detail. This shop drawing is a requirement for implementing certain work items.
The contractor submits a shop drawing to the Project Construction Supervisor or Management, then after receiving a signature (in Acc) and being accepted, the implementation of the work can begin.
3. As-built Drawing
As-built drawing is a working drawing made by the contractor by the actually built conditions. The as-built drawing is made after the project is completed as documentation of the measurements on the building.
This asbuilt image usually shows the changes in the plan that occur during project implementation as a result of adaptation in the field.
The function of the as-built drawing can also be used as a building owner’s archive for maintenance purposes when the building is already in use. The as-built drawing will be submitted along with the handover of the project by the contractor to the owner.
Apart from being the final document for a project, the as-built drawing can also be used as an initial drawing in the form of a drawing of an existing building before renovation. The owner can hire a surveyor to take measurements and make an existing as-built drawing if the building did not previously have an as-built drawing.
Based on the above understanding, of course, it is clear what is meant by planning drawings, shop drawings, and as-built drawings. Hopefully, this is useful and can add insight.
Difference between Shop Drawing and As-Built Drawing
- From the definition
Shop drawing is a drawing made by the contractor which is the basis for the implementation of work in the field. Meanwhile, the definition of as-built drawing is a drawing of realization that is by the conditions in the field, including installation, placement, and shape, when the construction is completed.
- Functions
Shop drawing acts as a communication medium between planning and implementation, contains details of the manufacture of construction components, and is used in the installation process to simplify the installation process.
The shop drawing is the most important part of the construction process, because;
- Shop drawing acts as a clear and detailed reference for executors in the field to avoid mistakes that cause re-work, time, and cost overruns.
- Shop drawing can help control activities in calculating the required quantity/volume of material so that the accuracy of cost calculations and the purchase of material is optimal.
Meanwhile, the as-built drawing serves to show any changes that have occurred between the plan drawing, shop drawing, and the realization. As-built drawing is useful for the physical management of a project after construction is completed. Making as-built drawings will make it easier for the contractor to recap all changes that have occurred as amendments to the original contract documents.
- Maker and Time of Manufacture
Both of these drawings are in a construction job, the work will be done by the engineering division. However, which construction services business sector is working on it?
Shop drawings themselves are made by planning consultants, be they individuals or companies. While the as-built drawing is made by the contractor/implementer, it can also be an individual or a building contractor company.
Pictures of shop drawings created/submitted at the beginning / before the project is implemented or usually already entered into tender documents uploaded in LPSE (if the auction/tender for the government). Meanwhile, the as-built drawing is made, to be more precise, submitted when the construction project is finished. However, it is advisable to make as-built drawings at the same time as construction work begins, so that all information regarding changes can be contained without being forgotten.
