The slab is the level structural component that gives a level and purposive surface. A particular surface might be a floor, roof, or ceiling. One-way slabs and Two-way slabs are the sorts of slabs.
Slab conveys the heaps forced on it and properly moves the powers either in a one-way or in a two-way system. Consequently, the slab serves both as a heap bearing surface just as a mobile surface. Contingent on the necessity and the plan of the design, various kinds of the slab, for example, solid slab, level slab, waffle slab, and so on can be utilized.
The significant elements of the slab can be recorded as follows:
a. Slab fills in as a level surface or a mobile surface.
b. Slab offers help to the heaps forced on the construction.
c. It goes about as a method for sound, heat just as fire separator.
d. It likewise fills in as a divider between the successive floors in this way giving protection to the tenants.
One Way Slab Advantages and Disadvantages
Here are some great one-way slab advantages and disadvantages explained in points:
One Way Slab Advantages
- If L/b the proportion is more prominent than or equivalent 2 or then it is viewed as a one-way slab.
- In a one-way slab, the primary fortification is given in a limited ability to focus, dispersion support is given in a long-range.
- In a one-way slab, the wrench is given in two ways.
- The one-way slab is upheld by a beam on two inverse sides in particular.
- In a one-way slab, the heap is conveyed one way opposite to the supporting pillar.
- The avoided state of the one-way slab is barrel-shaped.
- Chajja and Varandha are useful instances of one-way slab
- While designing a one-way slab we give less steel henceforth the profundity of the slab increments, accordingly, the thickness of the one-way slab is more when contrasted with the two-way slab.
- The one-way slab is prudent up to a range of 3.6 meters.
- In a one-way slab, the amount of steel is less.
- In a one-way slab, twisting is just one way for example in a more limited range.
One Way Slab Disadvantages
- It will not help in designing the ceiling beautifully (interior point of view).
- Floor to floorless height is available for use.
- Obstruction may happen from the reflection of light.
Kinds of Slabs
Slabs are grouped by the arrangement of supports as:
- One-way slabs
- Two-way slabs
- Level slabs upheld straightforwardly on the segment without radiates,
- Roundabout and non-rectangular slabs,
- Network or Waffle slabs.
What is a One-way Slab?
Slab upheld just on two inverse sides by unbending backings convey the heap by flexure toward the path opposite to the backings.
The plane surface of a transcendently consistently stacked slab disfigures into a round and hollow surface where shape and henceforth bowing second grows just one-way such slabs are known as a one-way slab.
One-way slab basically goes about as shallow bars with a huge width. The slabs upheld on every one of the four sides likewise carry on as one-way slabs if the more drawn out range proportion to a more limited range is more prominent than two.
The one-way plate is a concrete slab that is supported only on two opposite sides of the pedestal so that there will be deflection or deflection of the slab in the direction perpendicular to the side of the pedestal. Since the one-way plate is only supported on two opposite sides, the load acting on the plate will be distributed by the plate in one direction towards the two sides of the support.
If the plate rests on four sides of the pedestal, but with the ratio of length to a width equal to 2 or greater (L / W ≥ 2), then the load reaction will be more distributed to the shorter span, then the plate can be classified as a plate. one way.
The following is an example of a one-way plate classification:
In this example, the load reaction that acts more distributed on W is classified as a one-way plate.
The types of one-way floor slab systems are:
- One-way slabs with beams: Suitable for applications over a span of 3 – 6 meters and with meter live loads of 3 – 5 kN / m2. If the span is more than that, the deflection or deflection that occurs in the plate can be higher, which can be more expensive.
- One-way joist slab: Suitable for applications over a span of 6 – 9 meters and with meter live loads of 4 – 6 kN / m2. The volume of concrete and reinforcement is relatively low but requires a lot of formwork which is costly.
What is a Two-way Slab?
The rectangular slabs upheld on two adjoining, three or four edges, and with the proportion of length to more limited range under two, which convey the heap by flexure in two opposite ways are called two-way slabs.
The slabs which are upheld straightforwardly on the segment without bars or braces are called level slabs.
In this kind of slab, enormous minutes and shear powers are delivered in the sections’ region. In this way, the slabs are thickened in the region encasing the segment.
The segments are erupted at the top to lessen pressure because of sheer power and negative bowing second. These arrangements are alluded to as drop boards and segment heads, separately.
At the point when the ranges of the slab are not huge and burdens are no extreme, both the board drop and section head might be precluded.
Such a slab is known as the level plate. A level slab with a break formed(by removable and filler blocks) on the soffit so it involves a progression of ribs in two ways called waffle slabs.
In contrast to the one-way plate which only rests on two sides, the two-way plate is supported on all sides of the support, with a ratio of length to width of less than 2 (L / W <2). This is because the load distribution occurs in two directions (x and y-direction). Therefore, reinforcement is required on both sides of the plate.
The two-way plate system has various types, namely as follows:
- Two-way slab with beams: Suitable for application on a span length of 6 – 9 meters with live loads of 2.5 – 5.5 kN / m2. The load acting on the plate is passed on to the four sides of the beam which then transfers the load to the column.
- Two-way ribbed slab (waffle slab): Suitable for application on a span length of 7.5 – 12 meters and with a live load of 4 – 7.5 kN / m2. The waffle plate is applied to a plate that has a wide span with a heavy load. Generally, the thickness of this plate is between 5 and 10 cm.
- Two-way flat slab: Suitable for applications with a span of 6 – 9 meters and with a live load of 4 – 7 kN / m2. The plates are supported by columns and panels without beams.
- Two Way flat plate: Suitable for application on a span of 6 – 7.5 meters and with a live load of 2.5 – 4.5 kN / m2. Almost the same as the flat slab, the difference is that the flat plate does not use a panel.
The slabs upheld on a progression of converging long lattice radiates is called slab framework.
Conclusion of the Difference of One-Way and Two-Way Slab
In the explanation above, it can be concluded that the difference between a one-way plate and a two-way plate is as follows.
- In a one-way plate system, the plates are supported by two opposite sides of the support. While the two-way plate, supported by all four sides.
- On one-way plates, the ratio of the longer span to the shorter span is equal to or greater than 2, namely L / W ≥ 2.In contrast, on two-way plates, the ratio of the longer span to the shorter span is less than 2, namely L / W <2.
- On a one-way plate, the working load is transferred only in one (or dominant) direction, that is, in the direction of the shorter span. On the other hand, on a two-way plate, the load is transferred in both directions (x and y axes).
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